Introduction
Olympic Weightlifting can be a sport through which athletes compete for that total weight of 2 lifts: the snatch along with the clean & jerk. The training methods found in Weightlifting can also be utilized by Strength & Conditioning coaches as a technique of weight training to get a wide range of other sports. Most significant reasons behind exploiting various weight training modalities such is for power development. There are many variations on the theme of power training. Many of these training modalities include plyometrics (Wilson, Elliot & Wood 1990), assisted and resisted training (Faccioni 1993a; 1993b) and speed and acceleration drills (Cinkovich 1992). A well known method utilized to increase athletic power is Olympic Weightlifting (ie power cleans, push presses, snatches, jump jerks in addition to their variations) conducted within the training (Garhammer, 1993). This has traditionally been seen as an efficient way of producing general explosive ability (Takano 1992; Stone 1993; Garhammer & Gregor 1992). However, there are other important considerations that demand to get addressed when implementing Olympic lifting exercises in the Strength & Conditioning program of an athlete, a few of these include movement competency, training age, sport and training time with athlete. The objective of this article by Elite Performance Institute (EPI) is to provide a biomechanical and physiological discussion as to why weightlifting exercises are beneficial to improve athletic performance and just how they should be performed inside a training course. For more information, go to www.epicertification.com
Power Defined
Power has become defined as the optimal mixture of speed and strength to create movement (Chu 1996). More specifically, power represents the ability of the athlete to create high amounts of function with confirmed distance. Greater power a player possesses the higher the a higher level work performed (Wilson 1992). Power can be a mixture of strength and speed:
POWER = FORCE (strength) X VELOCITY (speed to move)
There are many physiological and neural adaptations which comprise the force component (Moritani 1992). Physiological adaptations to strength contain a rise in muscular tissues through hypertrophy, ligament density and bone integrity (Tesch 1992a). Neural adaptations (Schmidtbleicher 1992) that can be produced are: (1) increased recruitment of motor units; (2) increased firing rate of motor neurones; (3) synchronised firing of motor neurones; (4) surge in intra-muscular coordination; and (5) surge in inter-muscular coordination.
Speed to move is composed of a variety of interrelated factors (Ackland & Bloomfield 1995). They’re; (1) muscle fibre type; (2) skill; (3) muscle insertion points; (4) lever length; (5) muscular posture; and (6) elastic energy use of the series elastic component.
Olympic Weightling exercises facilitate development of the middle (Strength-Speed and Speed-Strength) from the force-velocity (FV) curve (see above). The FV curve acts a road map to Strength & Conditioning Certification Ireland according to the sort of strength developed from each exercise, session or phase of coaching within the program. Because of this, the force & Conditioning coach can effectively plan what sort of power they need to develop and which training modality (powerlifting, Olympic liftining, plyometrics, etc) is best utilised to elicit these adaptations.
Conclusion
Concern still exists regarding the ef?cacy of including Olympic weightlifting exercises within the weight training programs of athletes in sports aside from weightlifting. These concerns generally fall under 3 broad categories: 1) Perceived time forced to discover the movements due to the complexity from the lifts. 2) Too little idea of the opportunity bene?ts that can be derived from performing Olympic lifting exercises correctly. 3) Concern over the risk of injury as a result of performing these weightlifting movements.
It is evident you can find a plethora of biomechanical benefits of performing these lifts with limited disadvantages. The biggest risk has become from the perceived danger of performing these lifts. On such basis as evidence presented by Brian Hammill from the British Weightlifting Association (BWLA), it is usually stated with con?dence that the risk of injury will be as low or below most sports as long as there is quali?ed supervision supplied by certi?ed Strength and Conditioning coach who’ve been trained in coaching the weightlifting movements.
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